Юбилейный год похож на Рош ха-Шана в отношении выдувания [прямой шофрот. И хотя дуть на юбилей не для молитвы и не для поминания, а для того, чтобы сигнализировать об освобождении рабов и возвращении полей их (первоначальным) владельцам, тем не менее, это (дует) должно быть похоже на Рош ха-Шана, это происходит от идентичности: «седьмой» - «седьмой», чтобы все удары седьмого месяца были одинаковыми. Другая интерпретация: «в отношении взрыва»—в отношении числа (шофарских) ударов] и в отношении благословений [мальчиот, зихронот и шофрот (4: 5) читаются в Йом Кипур Юбилейного, как и в Рош ха-Шана.] Р. Иегуда говорит: в Рош ха-Шана мы дуем с (шофротом) от баранов, а на юбилей - от элимов. [Галаха не соответствует ни Р. Иегуде, ни первой танне; но галаха заключается в том, что и в Рош ха-Шана, и в Йом Кипур Юбилейного мы дуем изогнутым шофротом баранов.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Rosh Hashanah
שוה היובל לה"ה לתקיעה – With straight horns, for event though the Tekiah on the Jubilee [year] is not for prayer nor for remembrance, but rather as a sign to sending slaves [free] and the return of the fields to their owners, and even so, we it is required something like Rosh Hashanah, for we learn through an analogy from [the words] שביעי שביעי/seventh, seventh (see Leviticus 23:24: “…in the seventh month, on the first day of the month [you shall observe complete rest], a sacred occasion commemorated with loud blasts; and Leviticus 25:9: “Then you shall sound the horn loud, in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month – the Day of Atonement – you shall have the horn sounded throughout your land.”) – that all of the soundings of he Shofar in the seventh month shall be similar one to another. Another commentary: לתקיעה – the number of Shofar sounds. ולברכות – to the number of blessings, that it is required to state Malkhuyot, Zikhronot and Shofarot on Yom Kippur of the Jubilee [year] just like on Rosh Hashanah.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Rosh Hashanah
Introduction
Leviticus 25:8-16 deals with the Jubilee year, the fiftieth year after seven cycles of seven years. Verse 9 states, “Then you shall sound the horn loud; in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month the Day of Atonement you shall have the horn sounded throughout your land.” Our mishnah deals with the rituals of this day which begins the Jubilee year.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Rosh Hashanah
רבי יהודה אומר וכו' – The Halakha is not like Rabbi Yehuda nor is it like the First Tanna, but the Halalkha, whether on Rosh Hashanah, whether on Yom Kippur of the Jubilee year, both are with [horns] from male [rams] that are bent.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Rosh Hashanah
The Jubilee is the same as Rosh Hashanah when it comes to blowing [the shofar] and blessings. According to the first opinion, the laws of blowing the shofar and the recitation of blessings are the same for the Jubilee year as they are for Rosh Hashanah of every year. The blessings referred to here are the special blessings recited as part of the Mussaf Amidah. We will learn more about these blessings in chapter four.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Rosh Hashanah
Rabbi Judah says: on Rosh Hashanah they blow with [a shofar of] rams and on Jubilees with [a shofar] of ibex. Rabbi Judah says that different animals’ horns are used for the two shofars. The one for Rosh Hashanah is that of a ram, whereas on the Jubilee they use the horn of an ibex. We should note that Rabbi Judah disagrees with the opinion in mishnah three above, according to which on Rosh Hashanah we use the horn of an ibex.
