Mishnah
Mishnah

Talmud sobre Pirkei Avot 1:2

שִׁמְעוֹן הַצַּדִּיק הָיָה מִשְּׁיָרֵי כְנֶסֶת הַגְּדוֹלָה. הוּא הָיָה אוֹמֵר, עַל שְׁלשָׁה דְבָרִים הָעוֹלָם עוֹמֵד, עַל הַתּוֹרָה וְעַל הָעֲבוֹדָה וְעַל גְּמִילוּת חֲסָדִים:

Shimon Hatzaddik foi o último dos homens da grande assembléia [e a tradição (hakabalah) permaneceu em suas mãos. Ele era sumo sacerdote depois de Esdras.] Ele costumava dizer [(e, portanto, todo "R. Ploni diz" e "ele costumava dizer" neste tratado são entendidos como "é isso que ele sempre dizia"). ]: O mundo se sustenta em três coisas [isto é, o mundo foi criado apenas para essas três coisas]: na Torá [(Shabbath 88a) Se Israel não tivesse aceitado a Torá, o céu e a terra não teriam sido criados, como está escrito (Jeremias 33:25): "Se não fosse pela minha aliança (da Torá), dia e noite, os estatutos do céu e da terra eu não teria feito"], em avodah [o serviço sacrificial. Pois assim aprendemos no tratado Ta'anith (27b): Se não fosse pelos ma'amadoth (os "vigias" nos serviços de sacrifício), o céu e a terra não poderiam suportar. E descobrimos que, por causa dos sacrifícios oferecidos por Noach, ele jurou que nunca mais traria uma inundação sobre o mundo—de onde vemos que o mundo permanece por causa dos sacrifícios] e da benignidade [como está escrito (Salmos 89: 3): "O mundo é construído sobre a benignidade". A benevolência consiste em: regozijar o noivo, consolar os enlutados, visitar os doentes, cuidar dos mortos e coisas assim.]

Jerusalem Talmud Taanit

Rebbi Jacob bar Aḥa in the name of Rebbi Yasa: The world only continues to exist by the sacrifices133In the absence of a Temple, this means that the daily recitation of the rules of daily sacrifices are necessary for the continued existence of the world. In Amoraic times this implied that the institution of the rules for bystanders to be explained in the following Halakhot was still followed, continuing the cycle of priestly watches uninterrupted theoretically from the time of Ezra (or practically from Hasmonean times.). There, we stated134Mishnah Avot 1:2.: “Simeon the Just was of the remainders of the Great Assembly. He used to say, the world continues to exist by three things, by the Torah, by worship, and by labors of love135Labors for which no thanks can be given, such as burying the dead or giving charity anonymously.” All three are in one verse136Is. 51:16.: I shall put My word in your mouth, that is Torah. By the shadow of My hands I shall cover you, these are labors of love; to teach you that he who is occupied with Torah and labors of love merits to dwell in the shadow of the Holy One, praise to Him. That is what is written137Ps. 36:8., how precious is Your grace, o God, and humans take shelter in Your wings’ shadow. To plant the Heavens and give foundation to the earth136Is. 51:16., these are the sacrifices, and to say to Zion, you are My people, these are Israel. Rebbi Ḥinena bar Pappa said, we went over all of Scripture and only found this one that Israel was called Zion, and to say to Zion, you are My people. There, we stated138Mishnah Avot 1:18. The following text shows that the verse quoted at the end was not part of the Yerushalmi Mishnah (and is not part of Maimonides’s autograph Mishnah.): “Rabban Simeon ben Gamliel says, the world is existing on three things, on justice, on truth, and on peace. All three are one: If justice is done, truth is accomplished. If truth is accomplished, peace is established. Rebbi Mana said, and all are in one verse139Zach. 8:16., judge truth and law of peace in your gates.
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