Mishnah
Mishnah

Talmud sobre Baba Batra 4:2

לֹא אֶת הַבּוֹר, וְלֹא אֶת הַדּוּת, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁכָּתַב לוֹ עֻמְקָא וְרוּמָא. וְצָרִיךְ לִקַּח לוֹ דֶרֶךְ, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ לִקַּח לוֹ דָרֶךְ. וּמוֹדֶה רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, בִּזְמַן שֶׁאָמַר לוֹ חוּץ מֵאֵלּוּ, שֶׁאֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ לִקַּח לוֹ דָרֶךְ. מְכָרָן לְאַחֵר, רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, אֵינוֹ צָרִיך לִקַּח לוֹ דֶרֶךְ. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, צָרִיךְ לִקַּח לוֹ דָרֶךְ:

(Ele não vendeu) o bor [uma cavidade no chão] nem o duth [uma estrutura de pedras acima do solo na forma de bor], mesmo que ele tenha escrito (que ele está vendendo) a profundidade e a altura (da casa). [Ele não adquire o bor e o duth, pois o uso deles (armazenamento de água) é distinto do (da casa). (Eles não são adquiridos), a menos que ele escreva "do fundo das profundezas até as alturas dos céus".] E ele [o vendedor] deve comprar direitos de acesso [do comprador ao bor e ao duth. Pois o vendedor vende "generosamente", não reservando nada para si.] Essas são as palavras de R. Akiva. Os sábios dizem: Ele não precisa comprar direitos de acesso. [Eles sustentam que o vendedor vende "de maneira instável", de modo que, quando vendeu a casa, reservou para si mesmo direitos de acesso ao bor e ao duth.] E R. Akiva admite que, se dissesse a ele: "Exceto estes" [ o bor e o duth], ele não precisa comprar direitos de acesso, [por ser uma condição supérflua, entende-se que se refere a direitos de acesso.] Se ele os vendesse [o bor e o duth] para outro, [saindo de casa para si próprio], R. Akiva diz que ele (o comprador) não precisa comprar direitos de acesso, [porque o vendedor vende "generosamente" e, quando lhe vendeu o bor e o duth, também vendeu direitos de acesso.] Os sábios dizem que ele deve comprar direitos de acesso. [A halachá está de acordo com R. Akiva.]

Jerusalem Talmud Ketubot

111In a slightly different formulation, this paragraph is also in Baba batra 4:2. Rebbi Jeremiah said, both Admon and Rebbi Aqiba said the same thing, as we have stated there112Mishnah Baba batra 4:2. The Mishnah belongs to a series of statements about commercial contracts. If somebody sold cisterns in his backyard to a third party, R. Aqiba holds that nobody buys anything which he cannot use; therefore, it is understood that the seller, by offering the cisterns for sale, did also offer access to them. But the Sages hold that people also buy real estate for speculation and, therefore, the sale covers only what is explicitly stated in the sales contract and nothing more.: “If he sold them to another person, Rebbi Aqiba said, he does not have to buy access, but the Sages say, he has to buy access.” He had not heard that Rebbi Hila said, Rebbi Yasa in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: They disagree when nothing was mentioned113The sales contract does not mention access.. Where do we hold? If it is obvious that access was included114If the right of access to the property was mentioned in the contract., everybody agrees that he does not have to pay for access. If it is obvious that access was not included115It is not necessary that access was excluded, it suffices if the contract states that only cisterns are sold., everybody agrees that he has to pay for access. But we must hold that nothing was mentioned. Then Rebbi Aqiba said, he does not have to buy access, but the rabbis say, he has to buy access. But in the case here, even while it is clear that he had access, everybody116This is not everybody; everybody except Admon. The question in Ketubot is not one of interpretation of commercial contracts but of enforcing a claim if it is not known against whom the claim could be enforced. agrees that he has to pay for access.
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