Comentário sobre Maasser Sheni 4:6
מָשַׁךְ מִמֶּנּוּ מַעֲשֵׂר בְּסֶלַע, וְלֹא הִסְפִּיק לִפְדּוֹתוֹ עַד שֶׁעָמַד בִּשְׁתַּיִם, נוֹתֵן לוֹ סֶלַע, וּמִשְׂתַּכֵּר בְּסֶלַע, וּמַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי שֶׁלּוֹ. מָשַׁךְ מִמֶּנּוּ מַעֲשֵׂר בִּשְׁתַּיִם, וְלֹא הִסְפִּיק לִפְדּוֹתוֹ עַד שֶׁעָמַד בְּסֶלַע, נוֹתֵן לוֹ סֶלַע מֵחֻלִּין וְסֶלַע שֶׁל מַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי שֶׁלּוֹ. אִם הָיָה עַם הָאָרֶץ, נוֹתֵן לוֹ מִדְּמָאי:
Se ele retirou dele o dízimo no valor de um Selá, mas não o resgatou até que o valor fosse alterado para dois [ Selá ], ele deve pagar a ele um Selá e lucrar um Selá , e o Ma'aser Sheni é dele. Se ele retirou dele o dízimo no valor de dois Selá, mas não o resgatou até que o valor mudasse para um Selá , ele deve pagar-lhe um Selá de Chulin [produto não sagrado], e o Selá de Ma'aser Sheni é dele. Se ele é um Am Ha'aretz [aquele que é negligente na observação dos dízimos e das leis da pureza], alguém o dá a Demai [produto do qual é incerto se os dízimos já foram retirados].
Bartenura on Mishnah Maaser Sheni
משך ממנו מעשר בסלע – A person who sells Second Tithe, in order to make it profane via the monies [acquired] through the sale, and that the monies will be seized for the holiness of the [Second] Tithe, for in this manner, it is permitted to sell it. And as it is taught in the first chapter [Mishnah 1], we don’t sell it, that is to carry it to Jerusalem and not so that the monies will be seized in the holiness of [Second Tithe]. For when he “pulled” the [Second] Tithe to formally acquire it, it was worth a Selah, but he did not have sufficient time to give the money until it stood at two [Selas]. And the [Second] Tithe does not become non-sacred produce until he gives the monies to the seller.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maaser Sheni
Introduction
This mishnah deals with cases where there were fluctuations in the value of the maaser sheni produce from the time it was given to a buyer until the time it was redeemed.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maaser Sheni
נותן לו סלע – for since he acquired it through “pulling,” and the purchase gains a Sela when it becomes more expensive. But he must redeem it according to the current market price of two Selas. For the [Second] Tithe does not become non-sacred produce until he gives the monies to the seller. But the one Sela’s worth of Second Tithe is his and he consumes it in Jerusalem.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maaser Sheni
If one took possession from the owner of maaser sheni for a sela, but before he had time to redeem it, it stood at the price of two selas, he may give him one sela and make a profit of one sela and the maaser sheni remains his. A person took produce from another person in order to buy them and the money would become maaser sheni, which the seller would then bring to Jerusalem and use there. When the purchaser took possession of the maaser sheni produce, it was worth a sela, but by the time he gave the sela coin to the seller, the price had risen to two selas. The purchaser may now give the seller a sela, to compensate him for the value of the produce when he acquired it. The seller will then have to take this sela to Jerusalem and use it there. The buyer profits the second sela and the extra sela of maaser sheni belongs to him. The buyer will have to redeem this second sela of maaser sheni and bring the money to Jerusalem and use it there.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maaser Sheni
עד שעמד בסלע – and he must give to the seller two Selas that he acquired it through “pulling,” and it is redeemed with one Sela according to the current market price. Therefore, he gives him the monies of a Sela from the monies of his non-sacred produce. And through that, the [Second] Tithe is redeemed. But the second Sela he he gives him from the monies of his own Second Tithe like someone who repays his loan obligation from the monies of Second Tithe, because at the outset of the transaction, he was standing for the fact that the seller would consume two Selas-worth in Jerusalem if it did become cheaper in price.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maaser Sheni
If he took possession from the owner of maaser sheni for two selas, but before he had time to redeem it, it stood at the price of one sela, he may give him one sela out of hullin [money] and one sela of his maaser sheni money. In this case, he bought two selas worth of maaser sheni produce and now the value has gone down to one sela. The buyer is liable to pay two selas. However, he can pay back the seller one of the selas with hullin, non-sacred money. He can pay back the second sela with his own maaser sheni money, which the seller will then have to bring to Jerusalem. The main point is that on the one hand, he has to pay back two selas, because that is the value of the produce when he bought it. On the other hand, there needs to be only one sela of maaser sheni, because that is the current value of the produce.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maaser Sheni
אם היה עם הארץ נותן לו מדמיו – for if the seller was an ignoramus (i.e., who probably did not tithe), he gives him two Selas from the monies of his non-sacred produce, for we do not transfer monies of [Second] Tithe to an ignoramus. And there are those who read this – from doubtfully-tithed produce, if he has the [Second] Tithe monies from doubtfully-tithed produce, he gives him one Selar from those monies and transfers the monies of the doubtfully-tithed produce to the ignoramus.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maaser Sheni
If the owner was an am haaretz, he should give him out of [maaser sheni of] demai. If the seller was an am haaretz, one can’t give him actually maaser sheni money, because he may not take it to Jerusalem. Therefore, he should give him maaser sheni money whose source was demai (doubtfully tithed produce). If the am haaretz doesn’t take it to Jerusalem,
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