Si le propriétaire dit: «[Je rachèterai le Ma'aser Sheni ] avec un Selah [une unité d'argent spécifique]», et une autre personne [aussi] dit: «Avec un Selah », le propriétaire aura la préséance, car il ajoutera un cinquième. Si le propriétaire dit: «Avec un Selah », et une autre personne dit: «Avec un Selah et un Issar [unité d'argent spécifique]», celui qui offre le Selah et Issar a la priorité, car il ajoute au montant principal . Quelqu'un qui rachète son propre Ma'aser Sheni en ajoute un cinquième, que ce soit le sien ou qu'il lui ait été offert en cadeau.
Bartenura on Mishnah Maaser Sheni
מפני שהוא מוסיף חומש – As it is written (Leviticus 27:31): “If anyone wishes to redeem any of his tithes, [he must add one-fifth to them].” On his own [tithes] he adds one-fifth, but not on those of his fellow.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maaser Sheni
Introduction
This mishnah teaches what happens if several different people want to redeem some maaser sheni produce.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maaser Sheni
האיסר – The Issar is one ninety-sixth of a Sela.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maaser Sheni
If the owner says, “With a sela [I will redeem this maaser sheni] and another person says “With a sela,” the owner has the first right, because he must add a fifth. If the owner says that he wants to redeem the maaser sheni produce with a sela (a coin) and then another person says that he also wants to redeem the produce with the same amount of money, we take the owner’s sela because he has to add an extra fifth to the value (see the introduction). When the other person redeems the maaser sheni he need not add the extra fifth. What this means in our case is that more money will become maaser sheni, which is considered a good thing.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maaser Sheni
מפני שהוא מוסיף על הקרן – and the addition of any amount of the principal is preferred, since upon the one-fifth, one can get around the law with an artifice as its taught in the Mishnah (4) further on.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maaser Sheni
If the owner says “With a sela” and another person says “With a sela and an issar,” the one who offered a sela and an issar has the first right, because he added to the principal. However, if the other person offers more money, the other person’s evaluation is accepted, even if the total amount of money is less than it would be if the owner redeemed it and added the extra fifth. An issar is 1/96 of a sela, so when the other person redeems the maaser sheni for a sela and and an issar less money will become maaser sheni than if the owner had redeemed it for a sela and an added fifth. Nevertheless, in this case we only take the principle amount into account because the redemption is considered to be done with the principle the added fifth is merely extra.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maaser Sheni
ובין שנתן לו במתנה – the produce that requires the separation of Levitical and Priestly shares, before one can partake of them, before he separated from them the tithes, he gave him a gift, and even if the Second Tithe of another was separated, we establish according to the one who said that it {Second Tithes] are the money of the All-High (i.e., God) and are not given as gifts.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maaser Sheni
When one redeems his maaser sheni he must add a fifth, whether it is his own or it was given him as a gift. The law that mandates that a person add an extra fifth when he redeems his maaser sheni applies whether the maaser sheni was his to begin with (he grew it or bought it) or he got it as a gift. Tomorrow’s mishnah will continue to deal with the topic of who has to add the additional fifth and who does not.
