Celui qui vend une cour a vendu des maisons [ouvrant dedans], (et) boroth, shichin et ma'aroth [dans les maisons] (voir 2: 1). [Et même si celui qui vend une maison n'a pas vendu de bor, shiach ou ma'arah, ils sont, malgré tout, «absorbés» dans la cour.] Mais (il n'a) pas (vendu) les meubles. S'il lui dit: «Cela et tout ce qu'il contient», tout est vendu. Dans les deux cas, il ne lui a pas vendu les bains ou le pressoir à olives. [Même s'il a dit: "tout ce qu'il y a dedans", il n'a pas vendu les bains publics, etc., car ils ne sont pas inclus dans "cour". [R. Eliezer dit: Si l'on vend une cour, il n'a vendu que les limites de la cour. [La halakha n'est pas conforme à R. Eliezer.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
מכר את הבתים – that are open to the courtyard.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
Introduction
Mishnah four discusses what parts of a courtyard are sold when specification is lacking.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
ובורות שיחין ומערות – that are within the houses and even though the person selling a house did not sell the cistern, the trench and the cave/vault, but regarding the courtyard, however, they cease to exist.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
If a man sold a courtyard, he has also sold its houses, cisterns, trenches and caves, but not the movable property. But if he had said: “It and all that is in it” all of these are also sold. But in neither case has he sold the bath-house, or the olive press that are in it. Rabbi Eliezer says: “If a man sold a courtyard, he has sold only the air (the open of the courtyard. This mishnah explains what parts of a courtyard complex are sold with it even though not specified as part of the sale. The sale of the courtyard includes all of the houses, and underground structures that are attached or part of the courtyard. As in the previous mishnah, only the fixed, permanent pieces of the property are included in the sale. If, on the other hand, the seller specified that he was selling everything in the courtyard, he has sold the movable property as well. However, as we learn in section 1c, the bath-house and olive press are in any case not considered part of the courtyard, and are consequently not sold with it, even if he stipulated that he was selling everything in the courtyard. Rabbi Eliezer disagrees. According to him, when a man sells a courtyard he is only selling the empty yard part, but not the structures that are attached to it.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
בין כך ובין כך – even if he said, “everything that is within it,” he did not sell the bathhouse, etc. because they are not part of the courtyard.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
Questions for Further Thought: • Why are a bath-house and olive press not considered part of the courtyard to be sold with it? • With which parts of the mishnah does Rabbi Eliezer disagree?
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
רבי אליעזר אומר וכו' – But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eliezer.
