Tevul Yom 4

אֹכֶל מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁהֻכְשַׁר בְּמַשְׁקֶה, וְנָגַע בּוֹ טְבוּל יוֹם אוֹ יָדַיִם מְסֹאָבוֹת, מַפְרִישִׁין מִמֶּנּוּ תְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר בְּטָהֳרָה, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא שְׁלִישִׁי, וְהַשְּׁלִישִׁי טָהוֹר לְחֻלִּין:

Regarding food taken as the [first] tithe, which was primed for impurity by a liquid, if it was then touched by a <i>tevul yom</i> [one who has immersed that day in a <i>mikvah</i>, but who must wait until nightfall to become fully pure, and is of a second degree impurity until then] or by one with soiled [i.e. impure] hands, <i>terumat ma'aser</i> [a tenth of the tithe given to a Levi which must, in turn , be given to a <i>kohen</i> and which becomes holy upon separation, and can only be consumed by <i>kohanim</i> or their household] may be separated from it in purity, because it is of a third degree [level of impurity], and something of a third degree is pure with regard to <i>chullin</i> [produce or food that is not sanctified, and is permitted for general consumption].

הָאִשָּׁה שֶׁהִיא טְבוּלַת יוֹם, לָשָׁה אֶת הָעִסָּה, וְקוֹצָה לָהּ חַלָּה וּמַפְרַשְׁתָּהּ, וּמַנַּחְתָּהּ בִּכְפִישָׁה מִצְרִית אוֹ בִנְחוּתָא, וּמַקֶּפֶת וְקוֹרָא לָהּ שֵׁם, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא שְׁלִישִׁי, וְהַשְּׁלִישִׁי טָהוֹר לְחֻלִּין:

A woman who is a <i>tevulat yom</i> may knead dough, cut off a portion for <i>challah</i>, and separate it, and place it in a basket of twigs or on a tray, and then bring it near [to the rest of the dough] and call it a name [i.e. declare it to be <i>challah</i>]; because it is of a third degree [impurity], and something of a third degree is pure with regard to <i>chullin</i>.

עֲרֵבָה שֶׁהִיא טְבוּלַת יוֹם, לָשִׁין בָּהּ אֶת הָעִסָּה וְקוֹצִין מִמֶּנָּה חַלָּה, וּמַקֶּפֶת וְקוֹרִין לָהּ שֵׁם, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא שְׁלִישִׁי, וְהַשְּׁלִישִׁי טָהוֹר לְחֻלִּין:

Regarding a [kneading] trough which is a <i>tevulat yom</i> [i.e. which was immersed that day], one may knead dough in it, and cut off a portion for <i>challah</i>, and bring [the rest of the dough] near, and call it a name [of <i>challah</i>]; because it is of a third degree [impurity], and something of a third degree is pure with regard to <i>chullin</i>.

לָגִין שֶׁהוּא טְבוּל יוֹם, וּמִלְאָהוּ מִן הֶחָבִית מַעֲשֵׂר טֶבֶל, אִם אָמַר, הֲרֵי זוֹ תְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר מִשֶּׁתֶּחְשָׁךְ, הֲרֵי זוֹ תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר. אִם אָמַר, הֲרֵי זֶה עֵרוּב, לֹא אָמַר כְּלוּם. נִשְׁבְּרָה הֶחָבִית, הַלָּגִין בְּטִבְלוֹ. נִשְׁבַּר הַלָּגִין, הֶחָבִית בְּטִבְלָהּ:

Regarding a bottle which is a <i>tevul yom</i> which was filled from a cask of [first] tithes which are <i>tevel</i> [produce from which <i>terumah</i> has not yet been taken], if one said, "Let this become <i>terumah</i> of the tithe once night falls," it thereby is <i>terumah</i> of the tithe [once night falls]. If one [then] said, "Let this [food] be for an <i>eruv</i> [an amount of food set aside in a designated place in order to merge separate domains for the purposes of carrying and traveling on Shabbat]," he has said nothing. If the cask was broken, the content of bottle remains in its state of <i>tevel</i> [i.e. as though the <i>terumah</i> of the tithe has not yet been taken]. If the bottle was broken, the content of the cask remains it its state of <i>tevel</i>.

בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה הָיוּ אוֹמְרִים, מְחַלְּלִין עַל פֵּרוֹת עַם הָאָרֶץ. חָזְרוּ לוֹמַר, אַף עַל מְעוֹתָיו. בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה הָיוּ אוֹמְרִים, הַיּוֹצֵא בַקּוֹלָר וְאָמַר, כִּתְבוּ גֵט לְאִשְׁתִּי, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ יִכְתְּבוּ וְיִתְּנוּ. חָזְרוּ לוֹמַר, אַף הַמְפָרֵשׁ וְהַיּוֹצֵא בִשְׁיָרָא. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן שְׁזוּרִי אוֹמֵר, אַף הַמְסֻכָּן:

Initially they would say: One may redeem [fruits of the second tithe] for the produce of an <i>am ha'aretz</i> [one who is lax in observing tithes and purity laws]. They then went back and said: also for his money [without fearing that the money may itself be of second-tithe products]. Initially they would say: One who is being taken out [for sentencing] in shackles, if he said, “Write a divorce document for my wife,” they may thereby write one and give it [to her]. They then went back and said: even one who sets out [on a sea voyage], or who departs in a caravan. Rabbi Shimon Shezuri says: even one who is dangerously ill.

הַכַּדּוּמִין הָאַשְׁקְלוֹנִים שֶׁנִּשְׁבְּרוּ וְאֻנְקְלִי שֶׁלָּהֶם קַיֶּמֶת, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ טְמֵאִין. הַמַּעְבֵּר וְהַמַּזְרֶה וְהַמַּגּוֹב וְכֵן מַסְרֵק שֶׁל רֹאשׁ שֶׁנִּטְּלָה אַחַת מִשִּׁנֵּיהֶן וַעֲשָׂאָן שֶׁל מַתָּכוֹת, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ טְמֵאִין. וְעַל כֻּלָּן אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ, דָּבָר חָדָשׁ חִדְּשׁוּ הַסּוֹפְרִים וְאֵין לִי מַה לְּהָשִׁיב:

Ashkelon grappling-irons which were broken but have their hooks still intact are thereby [susceptible to being rendered] impure. A pitch-fork, or winnowing-fork, or a rake, and similarly a hair-comb that one of its teeth had been removed and a metal one fashioned for it, are thereby [susceptible to being rendered] impure. And concerning all these Rabbi Yehoshua said, "The scribes have innovated a new matter, and I have nothing to respond."

הַתּוֹרֵם אֶת הַבּוֹר וְאָמַר, הֲרֵי זוֹ תְרוּמָה עַל מְנָת שֶׁתַּעֲלֶה שָׁלוֹם, שָׁלוֹם מִן הַשֶּׁבֶר וּמִן הַשְּׁפִיכָה, אֲבָל לֹא מִן הַטֻּמְאָה. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, אַף מִן הַטֻּמְאָה. נִשְׁבְּרָה, אֵינָהּ מְדַמַּעַת. עַד הֵיכָן תִּשָּׁבֵר וְלֹא תְדַמֵּעַ. כְּדֵי שֶׁתִּתְגַּלְגֵּל וְתַגִּיעַ לַבּוֹר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, אַף מִי שֶׁהָיָה בוֹ דַעַת לְהַתְנוֹת וְלֹא הִתְנָה, נִשְׁבְּרָה, אֵינָהּ מְדַמַּעַת, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא תְנַאי בֵּית דִּין:

If one separating <i>terumah</i> from a vat [of wine] said: "Let this be <i>terumah</i>, provided it comes up in peace," [this is understood to mean] in peace from breakage or spillage, but not from impurity. Rabbi Shimon says: even from impurity. If it broke [and the wine fell back into the vat], it does not make [the contents of the vat] into <i>demai</i> [produce from which it is uncertain whether <i>terumah</i> or tithes were already taken]. Up to how far away can it break and [still] not make [the contents of the vat] into <i>demai</i>? [Far enough] such that it rolls back to reach the vat. Rabbi Yose says: even regarding one who had the intention of making such a stipulation, but did not stipulate, if it broke, it does not make the [contents of the vat] into <i>demai</i>, for this is a stipulation of the court.