Moed Katan 2

מִי שֶׁהָפַךְ אֶת זֵיתָיו וְאֵרְעוֹ אֵבֶל אוֹ אֹנֶס, אוֹ שֶׁהִטְעוּהוּ פוֹעֲלִים, טוֹעֵן קוֹרָה רִאשׁוֹנָה וּמַנִּיחָהּ לְאַחַר הַמּוֹעֵד. דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יְהוּדָה. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, זוֹלֵף וְגוֹמֵר וְגָף כְּדַרְכּוֹ:

If one turned over his olives [It is the practice to turn over the olives in the vat where they are stored before taking them to the olive press; and if they are not taken there for pressing after they are turned, they spoil.], and (before Chol Hamoed) he became a mourner, [who is forbidden to work], or he had some mishap, or workers deceived him, [not coming to work — and Chol Hamoed arrived], he may load the first beam [i.e., He may place the beam of the olive press once upon the olives, so that it weighs down upon them and some of the oil is exuded and they are not spoiled; but he may not do so a second time, for they will no longer spoil], and he leaves it until after the festival. These are the words of R. Yehudah. [We learn from here that labors which are permitted on Chol Hamoed are forbidden to a mourner in the days of his mourning, it being stated: "And if (before Chol Hamoed) he became a mourner," (for which reason he waited until Chol Hamoed), "he may load the first beam" on Chol Hamoed, the implication being that in the days of his mourning he was forbidden to load even the first beam; but others may do so for him.] R. Yossi says: He may spill (zolef) [the olives on the olive press (Whatever is spilled is called "ziluf")], he may finish [their pressing and collecting (of oil) in the olive press], and he may stop up [the mouth of the (oil) containers] as is his wont. [The halachah is in accordance with R. Yossi.]

וְכֵן מִי שֶׁהָיָה יֵינוֹ בְּתוֹךְ הַבּוֹר וְאֵרְעוֹ אֵבֶל אוֹ אֹנֶס, אוֹ שֶׁהִטְעוּהוּ פוֹעֲלִים, זוֹלֵף וְגוֹמֵר וְגָף כְּדַרְכּוֹ, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יוֹסֵי. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, עוֹשֶׂה לוֹ לִמּוּדִים, בִּשְׁבִיל שֶׁלֹּא יַחְמִיץ:

Likewise, if one had wine in a pit [under the wine press, coated with lime for receiving the wine], and he became a mourner, or he had some mishap, or workers deceived him, he may spill, finish, and stop up as is his wont. R. Yehudah says: He makes boards so that it not turn sour. [i.e., He covers it with boards so that it not turn sour, but he may not take it out of the pit. The halachah is in accordance with R. Yossi.]

מַכְנִיס אָדָם פֵּרוֹתָיו מִפְּנֵי הַגַּנָּבִים, וְשׁוֹלֶה פִשְׁתָּנוֹ מִן הַמִּשְׁרָה בִּשְׁבִיל שֶׁלֹּא תֹאבַד, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יְכַוֵּן אֶת מְלַאכְתּוֹ בַמּוֹעֵד. וְכֻלָּן אִם כִּוְּנוּ מְלַאכְתָּן בַּמּוֹעֵד, יֹאבֵדוּ:

One may gather in his fruits (to protect them) from thieves, and he may take out (sholeh) his flax from (the) soaking (trough) so that it not spoil. [Any drawing out of something from water is called "sholeh"], so long as he not plan to do so on Chol Hamoed. And all (of the above) if he planned to do them on Chol Hamoed, go lost. [Beth-din cause his gains to go lost by declaring them hefker (ownerless)].

אֵין לוֹקְחִין בָּתִּים, עֲבָדִים וּבְהֵמָה, אֶלָּא לְצֹרֶךְ הַמּוֹעֵד, אוֹ לְצֹרֶךְ הַמּוֹכֵר, שֶׁאֵין לוֹ מַה יֹּאכָל. אֵין מְפַנִּין מִבַּיִת לְבַיִת, אֲבָל מְפַנֶּה הוּא לַחֲצֵרוֹ. אֵין מְבִיאִין כֵּלִים מִבֵּית הָאֻמָּן. וְאִם חוֹשֵׁשׁ לָהֶם, מְפַנָּן לְחָצֵר אַחֶרֶת:

It is forbidden to buy houses, bondsmen, and beasts except for the needs of the [buyer] on Chol Hamoed, [i.e., a house to dwell in, a bondsman to serve him, beasts to slaughter], or for the needs of the seller, who does not have what to eat, [and who needs the money for yom tov expenses.] It is forbidden to remove [vessels or produce] from one house to another [that is far from it, because of (the interdict against) undue exertion], but it is permitted to remove it into his courtyard [i.e., into a different house in the same courtyard, this being "discreet"; but not from one house to another by way of the public domain.] It is forbidden to bring articles from the artisan's house, [articles which are not needed for Chol Hamoed; but it is permitted to bring those which are needed, e.g., mattresses, cushions, cups, ladles, etc.]. And if he fears for them [that they might be stolen from the artisan's house, or if the artisan needs his wage and the owner of the article does not trust him (to leave the article there), fearing that he might ask to be paid a second time], he removes them to a different courtyard.

מְחַפִּין אֶת הַקְּצִיעוֹת בְּקַשׁ. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אַף מְעַבִּין. מוֹכְרֵי פֵרוֹת, כְּסוּת וְכֵלִים, מוֹכְרִים בְּצִנְעָה לְצֹרֶךְ הַמּוֹעֵד. הַצַּיָּדִין וְהַדָּשׁוֹשׁוֹת וְהַגָּרוֹסוֹת, עוֹשִׂין בְּצִנְעָה לְצֹרֶךְ הַמּוֹעֵד. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, הֵם הֶחְמִירוּ עַל עַצְמָן:

Figs [spread out in the field to dry] may be covered with straw [against the rain]. R. Yehudah says: They may also be piled, one (layer) atop the other and made a kind of mound, so that the top ones protect those beneath.] Sellers of fruits, sheets, and vessels may sell "discreetly" for purposes of the festival. Hunters, grain-crushers [those who crush wheat for grits], and grist-makers [those who make bean-grist] may work "discreetly" for purposes of the festival. R. Yossi said: They were stringent with themselves [and did not work even "discreetly." The halachah is not in accordance with R. Yossi.]