Mikvaot 8

מִקְוְאוֹת הָעַמִּים שֶׁבְּחוּצָה לָאָרֶץ, כְּשֵׁרִים לְבַעֲלֵי קְרָיִין, אֲפִלּוּ נִתְמַלְּאוּ בְקִילוֹן. שֶׁבְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁחוּץ לַמַּפְתֵּחַ, כְּשֵׁרִים אַף לְנִדּוֹת. מִלִּפְנִים מִן הַמַּפְתֵּחַ, כְּשֵׁרִים לְבַעֲלֵי קְרָיִין, וּפְסוּלִים לְכָל הַטְּמֵאִים. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, הַקְּרוֹבִים לָעִיר וְלַדֶּרֶךְ, טְמֵאִים, מִפְּנֵי הַכְּבִיסָה. וְהָרְחוֹקִים, טְהוֹרִים:

The land of Israel is pure and her <i>mikvaot</i> [gatherings of water collected by natural means and immersed in for purification] are [assumed to be] pure. The <i>mikvaot</i> of the nations outside the Land are valid for <i>ba'alei kerayin</i> [males who have had a seminal emission but have yet to purify themselves by immersion in a <i>mikveh</i>], even if they were filled manually from a pit of water. The ones in Israel that are outside the locks [of the city gates, i.e. outside the cities] are valid even for <i>niddot</i> [women who have menstruated and are thereby impure]; those inside the locks [i.e. inside the city gates], are valid for <i>ba'alei kerayin</i> but invalid for all [other] impure individuals. Rabbi Eliezer says: [even outside the city gates,] those close to the city and to the road are impure due to being used for laundry, and those far away are pure.

אֵלּוּ בַעֲלֵי קְרָיִין שֶׁהֵם צְרִיכִין טְבִילָה. רָאָה מַיִם חֲלוּקִים אוֹ עֲכוּרִים, בַּתְּחִלָּה, טָהוֹר. בָּאֶמְצַע וּבַסּוֹף, טָמֵא. מִתְּחִלָּה וְעַד סוֹף, טָהוֹר. לְבָנִים וְנִמְשָׁכִים, טָמֵא. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, לְבָנִים כָּעֲכוּרִים:

These are the <i>ba'alei kerayin</i> who require immersion: if one discharged drippings or a murky liquid at the start [of his urinating], he is pure; in the middle or the end, he is impure; from the start until the end, he is pure. If [the discharge was] white and flowing, he is impure. Rabbi Yose says: white is like murky.

הַמֵּטִיל טִפִּין עָבוֹת מִתּוֹךְ הָאַמָּה, טָמֵא, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר חִסְמָא. הַמְהַרְהֵר בַּלַּיְלָה וְעָמַד וּמָצָא בְשָׂרוֹ חַם, טָמֵא. הַפּוֹלֶטֶת זֶרַע בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁי, טְהוֹרָה, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן עֲזַרְיָה. רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל אוֹמֵר, פְּעָמִים שֶׁהֵם אַרְבַּע עוֹנוֹת, פְּעָמִים שֶׁהֵם חָמֵשׁ, פְּעָמִים שֶׁהֵם שֵׁשׁ. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, לְעוֹלָם חָמֵשׁ:

One who discharges thick drops from his member is impure, according to Rabbi Elazar Chisma. One who had [sexual] thoughts at night, and woke up and found his flesh was warm, is impure. A woman who discharges semen on the third day [since intercourse, including that day] is pure [i.e. even with only two nights and one day in between intercourse and the discharge], according to Rabbi Elazar ben Azarya. Rabbi Yishmael says: there are times [when she is pure] when there must be four time periods [in between; i.e. according to Rabbi Yishmael she is not pure until the fourth day, meaning there have to have been at least two nights and two days between intercourse and having the discharge], times when there must be five time periods [in between, i.e. two nights and three days], and times when there must be six time periods [in between, i.e. three nights and three days, for example if she had intercourse at the start of Shabbat night, she is only pure if she has the discharge on Tuesday night or later]. Rabbi Akiva says: there must always be five [time periods in between, before she is considered pure].

נָכְרִית שֶׁפָּלְטָה שִׁכְבַת זֶרַע מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל, טְמֵאָה. בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁפָּלְטָה שִׁכְבַת זֶרַע מִנָּכְרִי, טְהוֹרָה. הָאִשָּׁה שֶׁשִּׁמְּשָׁה בֵיתָהּ, וְיָרְדָה וְטָבְלָה, וְלֹא כִבְּדָה אֶת הַבַּיִת, כְּאִלּוּ לֹא טָבְלָה. בַּעַל קֶרִי שֶׁטָּבַל וְלֹא הֵטִיל אֶת הַמַּיִם, כְּשֶׁיָטִיל אֶת הַמַּיִם, טָמֵא. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, בְּחוֹלֶה וּבְזָקֵן, טָמֵא. בְּיֶלֶד וּבְבָרִיא, טָהוֹר:

A gentile woman who discharges semen from a Jew is impure. A Jewish woman who discharges semen from a gentile is pure. If a woman had intercourse with her husband, [literally: her house] and she descended and immersed but did not clean herself [literally: clean the house], it is as though she did not immerse. If <i>ba'al keri</i> immersed before urinating, when he urinates he becomes impure. Rabbi Yose says: [only] regarding one who was sick or elderly is he impure; but a child or a healthy person is pure.

נִדָּה שֶׁנָּתְנָה מָעוֹת בְּפִיהָ וְיָרְדָה וְטָבְלָה, טְהוֹרָה מִטֻּמְאָתָהּ, אֲבָל טְמֵאָה הִיא עַל גַּב רֻקָּהּ. נָתְנָה שְׂעָרָהּ בְּפִיהָ, קָפְצָה יָדָהּ, קָרְצָה שִׂפְתוֹתֶיהָ, כְּאִלּוּ לֹא טָבְלָה. הָאוֹחֵז בְּאָדָם וּבְכֵלִים וּמַטְבִּילָן, טְמֵאִין. וְאִם הֵדִיחַ אֶת יָדוֹ בַּמַּיִם, טְהוֹרִים. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, יְרַפֶּה, כְּדֵי שֶׁיָּבֹאוּ בָהֶם מָיִם. בֵּית הַסְּתָרִים, בֵּית הַקְּמָטִים, אֵינָן צְרִיכִין שֶׁיָּבֹאוּ בָהֶן מָיִם:

If a <i>niddah</i> placed money in her mouth, and descended and immersed, she is pure from her impurity [which she had from before], but she is [again rendered] impure because of her saliva [the saliva on the money, a opposed to that which is in her mouth naturally, renders her impure]. If she put her hair in her mouth, clasped her hands [together], or pursed her lips, it is as though she did not immerse. If one grasps on to a person or vessels while immersing them, they are impure. If one washed his hand with water [before grasping them], they are pure. Rabbi Shimon says: he should loosen [his grip] so the waters can surround them. Hidden areas and crevices [in the body] do not need the waters to surround them.