Mishnah
Mishnah

Talmud for Bava Batra 3:5

אֵלּוּ דְבָרִים שֶׁיֵּשׁ לָהֶם חֲזָקָה, וְאֵלּוּ דְבָרִים שֶׁאֵין לָהֶם חֲזָקָה. הָיָה מַעֲמִיד בְּהֵמָה בֶחָצֵר, תַּנּוּר, וְכִירַיִם, וְרֵחַיִם, וּמְגַדֵּל תַּרְנְגוֹלִין, וְנוֹתֵן זִבְלוֹ בֶחָצֵר, אֵינָהּ חֲזָקָה. אֲבָל עָשָׂה מְחִצָּה לִבְהֶמְתּוֹ גְּבוֹהָה עֲשָׂרָה טְפָחִים, וְכֵן לַתַּנּוּר, וְכֵן לַכִּירַיִם, וְכֵן לָרֵחַיִם, הִכְנִיס תַּרְנְגוֹלִין לְתוֹךְ הַבַּיִת, וְעָשָׂה מָקוֹם לְזִבְלוֹ עָמֹק שְׁלֹשָׁה אוֹ גָבוֹהַּ שְׁלֹשָׁה, הֲרֵי זוֹ חֲזָקָה:

With these things chazakah obtains [If he "held" his neighbor's field in regard to them, it is a chazakah], and with these things, chazakah does not obtain: If he kept in the courtyard a beast, an oven, a stove, a mill; if he raised chickens there or placed his fertilizer there, it is not a chazakah. [This tanna is speaking of a courtyard of partners, where they do not object to (the other's) keeping a beast or the like. For this reason, it is not a chazakah even if one held it for this purpose for three years.] But if he made a partition for his beast ten handbreadths high, and so for an oven, and so for a mill; and if he brought chickens into his (neighbor's) house, or made a place for his fertilizer three (handbreadths) deep or three (handbreadths) high, it is a chazakah. [For in such an instance one would certainly object, so that if he remained silent for three years and did not protest, it is certainly a chazakah. Maimonides explains that with a partner, who objects to the erecting of a partition, if his partner made a partition and he did not object, it is a chazakah immediately. But with one in general (i.e., not a partner), even if he made a partition and the other did not protest, it is not a chazakah until after three years.]

Jerusalem Talmud Bava Kamma

MISHNAH: One does not raise sheep and goats in the Land of Israel91Since they eat anything they see, if raised near agricultural land they would eat any crop and any sapling and their owner would by necessity become a robber, robbing farmers of their crops. but one raises them in Syria92Which has plenty of empty spaces. and in the non-arable tracts93מִדְבָּר, from Aramaic דבר “to lead”, is a place where sheep are lead to graze because it is not agricultural land. For such a “desert” in a non-desert region cf. Gen. 37:22; the word is also used for the grasses which sheep find in the prairie, Targum Onqelos to Ex. 3:1. in the Land of Israel. One does not raise chickens in Jerusalem because of the sacrifices94Chickens were always kept in the open. They dig up all kinds of things; in Jerusalem they might dig up the remains of a human bone. This is incompatible with the duty to eat “simple sancta” all over the walled city of Jerusalem., nor may Cohanim in the Land of Israel do so because of purities95They have to be pure in order to eat heave; chickens would present too great a risk.. A Jew may not raise pigs, and a person should not raise a dog unless it is tied by a chain. One does not set traps for pigeons unless thirty stadia96A parasang (5523m). Since a parasang in the Talmudim is usually identified with 4 mil, this would make the mil 1281m and the underlying cubit 64cm. It is assumed that at this distance no pigeons which are private property can be found. distant from any settlement.
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