Related%20passage for Tahorot 4:8

סְפֵק טֻמְאָה צָפָה עַל פְּנֵי הַמַּיִם, בֵּין בַּכֵּלִים בֵּין בַּקַּרְקַע. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, בַּכֵּלִים, טָמֵא. וּבַקַּרְקַע, טָהוֹר. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, סְפֵק יְרִידָתוֹ, טָמֵא. וּסְפֵק עֲלִיָּתוֹ, טָהוֹר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, אֲפִלּוּ אֵין שָׁם אֶלָּא מְלֹא אָדָם וְטֻמְאָה, טָהוֹר:

The uncertainty of an impurity floating on the water's surface [where it is uncertain whether or not someone came into contact with the floating object: this was declared pure by the Sages] whether in a vessel or on the earth. Rabbi Shimon says: in a vessel it is impure [since it is in a fixed place], and on the earth it is pure. Rabbi Yehuda says: If the uncertainty was [one that arose] when he went down [into the water] he is impure, but if the uncertainty was when he was coming up [out of the water] he is pure. Rabbi Yose says: even if there is room [in the water] only for one person plus the impurity, he is [still] pure.

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