Related%20passage for Shabbat 7:1

כְּלָל גָּדוֹל אָמְרוּ בַשַּׁבָּת. כָּל הַשּׁוֹכֵחַ עִקַּר שַׁבָּת וְעָשָׂה מְלָאכוֹת הַרְבֵּה בְשַׁבָּתוֹת הַרְבֵּה, אֵינוֹ חַיָּב אֶלָּא חַטָּאת אֶחָת. הַיּוֹדֵעַ עִקַּר שַׁבָּת וְעָשָׂה מְלָאכוֹת הַרְבֵּה בְּשַׁבָּתוֹת הַרְבֵּה, חַיָּב עַל כָּל שַׁבָּת וְשַׁבָּת. הַיּוֹדֵעַ שֶׁהוּא שַׁבָּת וְעָשָׂה מְלָאכוֹת הַרְבֵּה בְּשַׁבָּתוֹת הַרְבֵּה, חַיָּב עַל כָּל אַב מְלָאכָה וּמְלָאכָה. הָעוֹשֶׂה מְלָאכוֹת הַרְבֵּה מֵעֵין מְלָאכָה אַחַת, אֵינוֹ חַיָּב אֶלָּא חַטָּאת אֶחָת:

A great (i.e., comprehensive) rule was stated in respect to Shabbath: If one forgets the institution of Sabbath [If he thinks there is no Sabbath in the Torah, though he may have known and forgotten], and he performed many labors on many Sabbaths, he is liable for only one sin-offering [for all the Sabbaths that he desecrated, all being regarded as one (act of) unwittingness, viz. (Exodus 31:13): "My Sabbaths shall you keep," the implication being: one "keeping" for many Sabbaths (collectively)]. If one knows of the institution of Sabbath [i.e., that it is promulgated in the Torah and that labors are forbidden on it], and he performed many labors on many Sabbaths [through unwittingness in respect to Sabbath, i.e., not knowing that the day was Sabbath], he is liable for [one sin-offering] for each and every Sabbath, it being stated in this regard (Ibid. 16): "And the children of Israel shall keep the Sabbath," the implication being: a "keeping" for each and every Sabbath; that is, a sin-offering for each Sabbath (individually). And even though it was not known to him in the interim so that it is one act of forgetfulness, we say that the days in between constitute "knowing." For it is impossible that he did not hear in between that that day was Sabbath, but he forgot the labors that he had performed upon it. Therefore, each Sabbath is considered one (distinct) unwittingness.] If one knows that it is Sabbath and he performs many labors on many Sabbaths, he is liable for each av melachah ("proto-labor"). If one performs many labors of the type of one labor, he is liable for only one sin-offering. [If one does not know that these labors are forbidden and he performs them several times on several Sabbaths, he is liable for one sin-offering for every av melachah. Even though he repeated them on several Sabbaths, each av of them is considered one act of unwittingness, for it was not known to him in the interim (that the labor was forbidden). And here it cannot be said that the days in between (one Sabbath and the next) constitute "knowing" to divide (between one Sabbath and the next). For the days in between give him no knowledge of which labor is forbidden and which permitted, unless he sits before sages and studies the laws of Shabbath. And he is likewise liable if he performs two toldoth (derivatives) of two distinct avoth — For each one, (he is liable) a distinct sin-offering. But if he performed an av and its toldah, or two toldoth of one av, he is liable only for one, as stated below: "If one performs many labors of the type of one labor, he is liable for only one sin-offering." As when he performs two toldoth of the same av, in which instance he is as one who repeats a transgression in one act of forgetfulness. For there are distinct sin-offerings for one act of forgetfulness only with distinct types of transgressions or with distinct Sabbaths vis-à-vis unwittingness in regard to (its being) Sabbath.]

Explore related%20passage for Shabbat 7:1. In-depth commentary and analysis from classical Jewish sources.