Mishnah
Mishnah

Quoting%20commentary for Bava Batra 5:6

אַרְבַּע מִדּוֹת בַּמּוֹכְרִין. מָכַר לוֹ חִטִּים יָפוֹת וְנִמְצְאוּ רָעוֹת, הַלּוֹקֵחַ יָכוֹל לַחֲזֹר בּוֹ. רָעוֹת וְנִמְצְאוּ יָפוֹת, מוֹכֵר יָכוֹל לַחֲזֹר בּוֹ. רָעוֹת וְנִמְצְאוּ רָעוֹת, יָפוֹת וְנִמְצְאוּ יָפוֹת, אֵין אֶחָד מֵהֶם יָכוֹל לַחֲזֹר בּוֹ. שְׁחַמְתִּית וְנִמְצֵאת לְבָנָה, לְבָנָה וְנִמְצֵאת שְׁחַמְתִּית, עֵצִים שֶׁל זַיִת וְנִמְצְאוּ שֶׁל שִׁקְמָה, שֶׁל שִׁקְמָה וְנִמְצְאוּ שֶׁל זַיִת, יַיִן וְנִמְצָא חֹמֶץ, חֹמֶץ וְנִמְצָא יַיִן, שְׁנֵיהֶם יְכוֹלִין לַחֲזֹר בָּהֶן:

There are four "measures" [distinct laws] in respect to sales: If he sold him good wheat and it was found to be bad, the buyer can back out. [i.e., If it were stipulated that he be given good wheat and it was found to be bad, it is like ona'ah ("wronging," overcharging). Therefore, only the object of the ona'ah, the buyer, can back out, but not the seller, even if the price of wheat rose greatly.] (If it were stipulated that he be given) bad wheat and it was found to be good, the seller can back out. Bad and found to be bad; good and found to be good, neither can back out [even if the price rose or fell. And the buyer cannot say: "I intended good wheat — I said 'bad' only by way of (Proverbs 19:8): '"Bad, bad," the buyer says.'" And, conversely, the seller cannot say: "I intended bad wheat — I said 'good' only because it is the way of a seller to call bad good."] Shechamtith [red (-brown). The Targum of (Genesis 30:35): "And all chum" (brown) is: "And all shechum."], and it were found to be white; white, and it were found to be shechamtith — Olive wood, and it were found to be sycamore wood; sycamore, and it were found to be olive — Wine, and it were found to be vinegar; vinegar, and it were found to be wine — both can back out. [For some prefer the one, and others, the other. All such instances are a mekach tauth (a "mistaken sale") for both, and both can back out, whereas in the instance of "good, and they were found to be bad," all prefer the good. [("Wine, and it were found to be vinegar, etc.":) Some prefer wine; others, vinegar.]

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