Midrash for Berakhot 6:2

בֵּרַךְ עַל פֵּרוֹת הָאִילָן בּוֹרֵא פְּרִי הָאֲדָמָה, יָצָא. וְעַל פֵּרוֹת הָאָרֶץ בּוֹרֵא פְּרִי הָעֵץ, לֹא יָצָא. עַל כֻּלָּם אִם אָמַר שֶׁהַכֹּל נִהְיָה, יָצָא:

If one blessed over fruits of the ilan "Who creates the fruit of the earth," he has fulfilled his obligation. [An ilan is any growth which when a fruit is taken from it, a shoot remains, and that shoot itself produces fruit in the following year. The blessing for all of its fruits is "Who creates the fruit of the tree." But where, when a fruit is taken, no such shoot remains, the blessing for the fruits is "Who creates the fruit of the earth."] And if one blessed over fruits of the earth "Who creates the fruit of the tree," he has not fulfilled his obligation. With all foods, if one said "Who caused all to be" ("shehakol"), he has fulfilled his obligation [even for bread and wine. But ab initio, one should not eat any food if he does not know the appropriate blessing.]

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