Mesorat%20hashas for Shevuot 1:2

כֹּל שֶׁיֵּשׁ בָּהּ יְדִיעָה בַתְּחִלָּה וִידִיעָה בַסּוֹף וְהֶעְלֵם בֵּינְתַּיִם, הֲרֵי זֶה בְּעוֹלֶה וְיוֹרֵד. יֶשׁ בָּהּ יְדִיעָה בַתְּחִלָּה וְאֵין בָּהּ יְדִיעָה בַסּוֹף, שָׂעִיר שֶׁנַּעֲשֶׂה בִפְנִים וְיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים תּוֹלֶה, עַד שֶׁיִּוָּדַע לוֹ וְיָבִיא בְעוֹלֶה וְיוֹרֵד:

Wherever there is awareness in the beginning, awareness in the end, and hiddenness in the middle, there is oleh veyored ("sliding scale") liability. [("Wherever there is awareness, etc.":) This refers to "Awarenesses of uncleanliness" (above). Since their provisions are few, they are adduced first, after which oaths are adduced, their provisions being many. And the yetzioth (of Shabbath) and observations (of plague-spots) are treated individually in their respective tractates, for which reason they are not discussed here. They are included here (above) only because they are similar to the others in being "two which are four." ("awareness in the beginning":) awareness that he has become unclean. ("awareness in the end":) After eating the sanctified food in "hiddenness" or entering the sanctuary in "hiddenness" and leaving, it becomes known to him that he ate or entered in uncleanliness. ("and hiddenness in the middle":) When he eats the sanctified food, his uncleanliness or its being sanctified food is hidden from him. Or he enters the sanctuary, and his uncleanliness or its being the sanctuary is hidden from him. ("oleh veyored liability":) "oleh" ("rising") for a rich man; "yored" ("descending") for a poor man. A rich man brings a beast sin-offering, and a poor man, a bird sin-offering; and the poorest of the poor, a tenth of an ephah (of flour), the "sinner's meal-offering" mentioned in many places.] Where there is awareness in the beginning and not at the end, the he-goat [of Yom Kippur] which is presented within [i.e., whose blood is presented within (the holy of holies)] and Yom Kippur suspend (his judgment) [protecting him from affliction] until he becomes aware [of having eaten sanctified food in a state of uncleanliness], whereupon he brings an oleh veyored offering.

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