Halakhah for Shekalim 7:6

אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן, שִׁבְעָה דְּבָרִים הִתְקִינוּ בֵּית דִּין, וְזֶה אֶחָד מֵהֶן, נָכְרִי שֶׁשִּׁלַּח עוֹלָתוֹ מִמְּדִינַת הַיָּם וְשִׁלַּח עִמָּהּ נְסָכִים, קְרֵבִין מִשֶׁלּוֹ. וְאִם לָאו, קְרֵבִין מִשֶּׁל צִבּוּר. וְכֵן גֵּר שֶׁמֵּת וְהִנִּיחַ זְבָחִים, אִם יֵשׁ לוֹ נְסָכִים, קְרֵבִין מִשֶּׁלּוֹ. וְאִם לָאו, קְרֵבִין מִשֶּׁל צִבּוּר. וּתְנַאי בֵּית דִּין הוּא עַל כֹּהֵן גָּדוֹל שֶׁמֵּת, שֶׁתְּהֵא מִנְחָתוֹ קְרֵבָה מִשֶּׁל צִבּוּר. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, מִשֶּׁל יוֹרְשִׁין. וּשְׁלֵמָה הָיְתָה קְרֵבָה:

R. Shimon said: Seven things [(following)] were instituted by beth-din. And this (above, 7:5) is one of them. (The others follow:) If a gentile sent his burnt-offering from abroad, [it being expounded (Leviticus 22:18): "A man, a man, etc.", whereby we are taught that gentiles bring vow and gift-offerings as Jews do] — if he sent (money for) libations along with it, we offer his (libations); if not, we offer (libations) from the congregation. Likewise, if a proselyte died and left offerings, if he has libations, we offer his; if not, we offer from the congregation. And it is a condition of beth-din concerning a high-priest that died that his meal-offering be offered from the congregation. [This refers to the tenth of the ephah that the high-priest offers up every day, half in the morning, half in the evening. It is offered from the congregation, it being written (Leviticus 6:15): "chak olam" — This chak (provision) shall be from the olam; that is, from the congregation — from the terumah of the lishkah.] R. Yehudah says: From the heirs, [it being written (Ibid.): "And the anointed priest, in his place, of his sons," the connotation being: "And the anointed priest, if he died — in his place, one of his sons should offer it."] And it was offered complete. [When it came from the congregation, according to R. Shimon, or from the heirs, according to R. Yehudah, it was offered up as a complete issaron and not as a half issaron. R. Shimon derives it from (Ibid.): "It shall be entirely smoked" — that it not be smoked by halves, but entirely, when it comes from the congregation. R. Yehudah derives it from: "…of his sons shall offer it," i.e., When one of his sons, his heir, offers it after his father's death, he shall offer it and not its half. The halachah is in accordance with R. Yehudah that it comes from the heirs. As to its being stated in our Mishnah that it is a "condition of beth-din," (rather than Torah law), according to R. Shimon, that it comes from the congregation, the gemara explains that there were two ordinances. In the beginning, it was offered by Torah law from the congregation, it being written "chak olam." When they saw that the lishkah was being "pressed," they instituted that it be collected from the heirs. When they saw the heirs offending (i.e., not providing it), it was re-established as Torah law. So that now it is offered by the congregation on condition of beth-din that it be re-established as Torah law.]

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