Talmud zu Pirkei Avot 2:6
אַף הוּא רָאָה גֻלְגֹּלֶת אַחַת שֶׁצָּפָה עַל פְּנֵי הַמַּיִם. אָמַר לָהּ, עַל דַּאֲטֵפְתְּ, אַטְפוּךְ. וְסוֹף מְטִיפַיִךְ יְטוּפוּן:
Auch er (Hillel) sah einen bestimmten Schädel auf dem Wasser schweben. Er sagte zu ihm: "Weil du (andere) ertrunken bist, bist du ertrunken." [Du warst ein Übeltäter und hast sie im Fluss ertränkt, und Maß für Maß wurde es dir zuteil], und am Ende werden deine Ertrinkenden ertrinken, [denn es war nicht für sie, dich zu ertrinken, sondern für Beth -Lärm; und der Heilige sei gesegnet. Er hat dich ihnen übergeben. Denn die Haftung wird auf die Haftung verwiesen, und er ist danach dazu bestimmt, Ihren Tod von ihnen zu fordern.]
Jerusalem Talmud Berakhot
It has been stated: Rebbi Yehudah67In the print of the Babli, Menaḥot 43b, “R. Meïr.” However, R. Rabbinowitz notes a German and an Egyptian manuscript of the Babli that have “R. Yehudah”, as well R. Isaac Fasi and Rosh, in line with the Yerushalmi and the Tosephta, Berakhot 6:17. The entire paragraph is from R. Yehudah in the Tosephta. says, three things a man has to recite every day: Praise to Him Who did not make me a Gentile. Praise to Him Who did not make me uncivilized68The uncivilized person is one who knows no Bible, no Mishnah, and no trade. Since he cannot know what is forbidden, he cannot fear sin. In the Babli (Menaḥot 43b–44a) it is reported that R. Jacob bar Aḥa changed this benediction to “Who did not make me a slave,” since an uncivilized person can become civilized; his state of ignorance is not God-given.. Praise to Him Who did not make me a woman. “Praise to Him Who did not make me a Gentile,” because Gentiles are not considered to be anything, (Is. 40:17) “all Gentiles are nothing before Him.” “Praise to Him Who did not make me uncivilized,” because an uncivilized person cannot fear sin69Mishnah Pirqe Avot 2:6.. “Praise to Him Who did not make me a woman,” because women are not commanded about benedictions70Here מצוות cannot mean “commandments”, not even “positive commandments tied to a fixed time” that do not apply to women, but “benedictions”, as in Chapter 6, Halakhah 1, first paragraph..
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