In Bezug auf geheiligtes Fleisch, über dem ein Film [aus den Säften und Gewürzen] erstarrt ist , sind die Scheiben [aus Fleisch] zulässig , wenn ein Tevul Yom den Film berührt [dh sie gelten nicht als mit dem Film verbunden]. Wenn er eine Scheibe berührt, werden die Scheibe und alles, was damit verbunden ist, als miteinander verbunden betrachtet. Rabbi Yochanan ben Nuri sagt: Beide [dh auch im ersten Fall] gelten als miteinander verbunden. Und ähnlich bei Bohnen, die über Brotscheiben erstarrt sind. In einem Topf gekochte Bohnen gelten, wenn sie getrennt werden, nicht als miteinander verbunden. Wenn sie sich in einer einzigen Masse befinden, werden sie als verbunden betrachtet. und wenn es mehrere Massen gab, müssen sie gezählt werden [dh diejenige, die die Quelle der Verunreinigung berührt hat, behält einen primären Grad an Verunreinigung bei, und die nächste Masse, die sie berührt, behält einen Verunreinigungsgrad zweiten Grades bei und so weiter]. In Bezug auf Öl, das auf Wein schwimmt, hat ein Tevul Yom, der das Öl berührt hat, das Öl nur ungültig gemacht. Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri sagt: Beide gelten als miteinander verbunden.
Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
בשר הקודש שקרם עליו הקיפה (sacred flesh on the top of which a layer of jelly was formed – as a crust) – the spices and the soup and the fat of the meat congealed upon it, that it was softened and everything became like a kind of crust.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tevul Yom
Sanctified meat over which the porridge crusted, and a tevul yom touched the crust, the slices [of meat] are permitted. But if he touched one of the slices, that slice and all [the crust] that comes up with it form a connective the one with the other. Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri says: the two of them serve as connectives to each other. Sanctified meat, meaning meat that was part of a sacrifice, has been cooked in a pot with some porridge. The porridge crusts over the meat. According to the first opinion, the meat is not considered part of the crust. Thus if a tevul yom touches the crust, the meat is still permitted. It has not been disqualified. However, if he touches the meat itself, the meat and any part of the crust that would be lifted out of the dish with the meat is disqualified. The other parts of the porridge can still be eaten. Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri rules that the entire porridge and meat is considered connected. Thus if he touches any part of the porridge, the meat is disqualified.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
החתיכות מותרות – for the crust is not a connection/junction.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tevul Yom
Similarly, with [cooked] beans that have formed a layer over pieces of bread. The same rule as in section one applies to a case where beans have been cooked in a pot with some bread made of terumah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
וכל העולים עימה – is considered connected to it, but the rest is ritually pure.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tevul Yom
Beans or other foods cooked in a pot: when they are still separate, do not serve as connectives; but when they become a solid pulp, they do act as connectives. If they formed several solid masses, they are to be counted. Having mentioned beans, the mishnah now discusses general cases of beans or other foods cooked in a pot. If the pieces of the food are still separate from one another, they don't count as connected. But a solid mass is connected and if he touches one part of the mass, it is all disqualified. If there are several solid masses, then the one he touches has first degree impurity. The mass that is next to it and touching it, has second degree impurity and the third mass will be disqualified if it is of terumah. When the mishnah says "counted" it means that the usual process of counting impurity begins from the mass he touched.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
שניהם חיבור – and whether he touched the jelly or whether he touched the pieces [of meat], he has invalidated everything. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tevul Yom
If oil floats on wine and a tevul yom touched the oil, only the oil is disqualified. But Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri says: each serves as a connective with the other. This is similar to the case in yesterday's mishnah. If the oil floats on the wine, only the oil is disqualified. Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri again disagrees and holds that the substances are considered to be connected.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
ווכן בקטניות (and so in the case of pulse) – of bread that we place on the pulse.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
מעשה קדרה בקטניות (that which is cooked in the cooking pot and pulse) – that is to say, pulse that was cooked in a cooking pot, and it is their manner to be split/burst apart. And when they cook well, they attach/connect and become a kind of lump/clod. And there are those who have the reading (instead of "מעשה קדרה בקטניות" /”that which is cooked in the cooking pot in pulse,” [the reading}: "מעשה קדירה וקטניות"/”that which is cooked in the cooking pot and pulse.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
הרי אלו ימנו (lo, they are counted – if there are many masses of pulse) – if the unclean reptile touched one of them, it is first [degree of ritual uncleanness], and the clod/lump that is adjacent to it is second [degree of ritual uncleanness], and the other that is adjacent/next to the second [degree of ritual uncleanness] is third-degree uncleanness of heave-offering/priest’s due.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
שניהן חיבור זה לזה – but if the person who had immersed himself that day/Tevul Yom touched one of them, its neighbor is invalidated. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri.
